kalimat yang menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau kegiatan yang berlangsung/terjadi pada waktu sekarang dalam bentuk sederhana yang bentuknya
1. Pekerjaan yang dilakukan berulang-ulang atau kebiasaan sehari-hari (Routine/HabitualAction)
2. Menyatakan kebenaran umum (General Truth)
B. Pola/Rumus dan Penjelasan Pemakaian
Simple present tense dibentuk dari verb-1 (present tense) atau linking verb “be” (is, am, are). Apa itu verb-1? Verb-1 merupakan bare infinitive dengan tambahan -s atau -es (contoh verb-1: does, goes, wants) khusus untuk subject berupa singular noun (kata benda tunggal: Tita, book, car) atau third person singular pronoun (kata ganti orang ketiga tunggal: she, he, it); atau tanpa tambahan apapun (contoh verb-1: do, go, want) untuk subject berupa plural noun (boys, men, books) atau plural pronoun (we, they), pronoun I/you, atau compound subject (you and me, Tina and Ratih).
Kalimat
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Rumus
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Contoh Kalimat
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Positif (+)
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S (I/You/They/We)+ V-1
S(She/He/It/Fitri)+V-1+s/es
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I/You/They/We visit my cousin
She visits her cousin once a month
Fitri goes to cinema every week
The Sun rises in the east |
S+ be (am/is/are)
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The children are naughty.
I am a carpenter
|
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Negative (-)
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S + auxiliary (do/does) + not + V-1
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I/You/They/We don’t visit my cousin
She doesn’t visits her cousin once a month
Fitri doesn’t goes to cinema every week
|
S + be(am/is/are) + not
|
The children aren’t naughty
I am not a carpenter
|
|
Introgative(?)
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Do/Does + S + V-1
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Do they visit my cousin?
Does she visit my cousin once a week?
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Be(am/is/are) + S
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Are the children naughty?
Are you a carpenter?
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Catatan:
– Do digunakan subjek they, we, I, dan you.
– Does digunakan subjek she, he, dan it.
Aturan-aturan Penambahan “s/es” Pada Kalimat positif/Infinitive dengan Subjek orang ketiga tunggal (She, He, It/Ani/Book) dalam Simple Present Tense
1. Pada umumnya kata kerja simple present langsung ditambahkan dengan akhiran -s :
work – works
sing – sings
shine – shines
speak – speaks
set -sets
eat – eats
read -reads
write – writes
help – helps
2. Kata kerja simple present yang berakhiran dengan huruf “ch, o, s, sh, x, z” ditambah akhiran “-es”
pass – passes
teach – teaches
reach – reaches
fix – fixes
do – does
kiss – kisses
finish – finishes
wish -wishes
discuss – discusses
go – goes
3. Kata kerja simple present yang berakhiran “-y” dan didahului oleh huruf mati (konsonan), maka akhiran “-y” diganti menjadi “-i” kemudian ditambah dengan “-es”.
study -studies
carry – carries
fly – flies
reply – replies
cry – cries
4. Kata kerja dalam simple present yang berakhiran dengaan huruf “-y” yang diawali huruf hidup / vokal, cukup ditambah dengan akhiran “-s”.
lay – lays
buy – buys
play – plays
say -says
5. Apabila kata kerja simple present diawali oleh kata kerja bantu, maka tidak menggunakan tambahan “s/es”.
can open
must close
must work
C. Keterangan waktu yang digunakan dalam present tense antara lain:
• Always (selalu) • Everyday (setiap hari) • Often (sering)
• Every month (setiap bulan) • Rarely (jarang) • Seldom (jarang)
• Once in a day (sehari sekali) • Never (tidak pernah) occasionally (sesekali)
• Usually (biasanya) • Sometime (terkadang) Every (Setiap)
D. Soal dan Latihan
I. Essay Exercise
Isilah spot yang kosong dengan kata kerja serta susunan yang sesuai!
1. When my brother ________ (come back), what I have to do?
2. Sisca ________ (go, always) to school every morning.
3. My father ________ (read, usually) a newspaper while drinking coffee in the morning.
4. She _______ (not, speak) Indonesian because she comes from England.
5. ________ (let, she) you go?
6. I hate living in your city, because it _______ (be, cold, always).
7. They _______ (come, always) late.
8. _______ (have, you) some money? I need it.
9. I ________ (not, know) who you are.
10. The Sun ________ (arise) every morning.
11. He ________ (never, visit) his child on Saturday.
12. ________ (like, you) pizza? If you like it, I will buy you the biggest one.
13. The people _______ (hate) this new minister.
14. My parents _______ (jog, usually) in the morning, while I usually sleep.
15. Danny _______ (not, have) any idea to share with you.
16. The tour guide _______ (not, want) to help us go around.
17. ________ (be, he) handsome?
18. ________ (Tara, read, always) my novel every night?
19. Why _______ (walk, you) so far? You can stop a taxi.
20. When I meet you, Madlias _______ (look, always) at me in a long time.
Answers:
Comes back
Always goes
Usually reads
Doesn’t speak
Does she let
Is always cold
Always come
Do you have
I don’t know
The sun arises
He never visits
Do you like
Hate
Usually jog
Doesn’t have
Doesn’t want
Is he
Does Tara always read
Do you walk
Always looks
II. Multiple Choice Exercise:
Questions:
1. Clara _______ to bring her favorite pen to help her remembering a thing.
a. decide
b. decides
c. decided
d. is deciding
2. She ____ happy because he is there.
a. be
b. is
c. are
d. to be
3. They ____ to join that camp because there are many games there.
a. force
b. been forced
c. are forced
d. is forced
4. She must joined this show to support the other.
1 2 3 4
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
5. I like her hair unravel so that she ____ more beautiful.
a. looked
b. look
c. looks
d. looking
6. Retna _______ the problems that she will face soon.
a. don’t know
b. don’t knows
c. doesn’t knows
d. doesn’t know
7. Yayat drink many vegetables juices every night to his dinner.
1 2 3 4
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
8. _____they know what actually has happened?
a. Do
b. does
c. did
d. done
9. Mione and I wants to stop eating as we can, because too manysweets are not good.
1 2 3 4
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
10. He _____ his nails sometimes when he remembers.
a. cut
b. cuts
c. cutting
d. cuted
11. It ___ too soon to give more presents.
a. was
b. is
c. were
d. be
12. She want to make friendship with everyone.
1 2 3 4
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
13. Harry canceled his vacation everyday because of his business.
1 2 3 4
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
14. Someone ___ there now when I am coming.
a. are
b. is
c. was
d. were
15. My dad ______ why do my mom get angry every weekend.
a. do not understands
b. do not understand
c. does not understands
d. does not understand
16. My friend and I _____ calling him every time so that he feels so boring.
a. kept
b. keep
c. keeps
d. keeping
17. Luna always keep her attitude better in front all people, she always looks beautiful too. 1 2 3
4
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
18. No one know what actually just has happened today.
1 2 3 4
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
19. They didn’t choose Drake as their leader every month.
1 2 3 4
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
20. She forgets about taking and to give her things because of her activities.
1 2 3 4
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
Answers
1. B
2. B
3. C
4. B
5. C
6. D
7. A
8. A
9. A
10. B
11. B
12. A
13. A
14. B
15. D
16. B
17. A
18. A
19. A
20. C
References:
http://www.wordsmile.com/
http://www.carabelajarbahasainggrisoke.com/
http://www.caramudahbelajarbahasainggris.net/
http://www.umiuma.net/
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