Report is a text which
presents information about something, as it is. It is as a result of systematic
observation and analysis
2. Generic Structure of Report
General
classification: Stating classification of general aspect of thing; animal,
public place, plant, etc which will be discussed in general
Description:
Describing the thing which will be discussed in detail; part per part , customs
or deed for living creature and usage for materials
3. Language Feature of Report
• Introducing group or general aspect
• Using conditional logical connection;
when, so, etc
• Using simple present tense
Versi Indonesia
Report text adalah
jenis teks yang menggambarkan sesuatu secara umum umum (general).
Apasih yang membedakan
report text dan descriptive text? Jika Anda membandingkannya dengan seksama,
bedanya adalah recont text menjelaskan sesuatu secara general atau umum
sedangkan descriptive text menjelaskan sesuatu yang spesifik atau khusus.
Report text juga biasanya bersifat ilmiah.
Social function dari
report text adalah untuk menyajikan informasi tentang sesuatu secara umum
kepada pembaca.
Tujuan
Secara umum, report
text menggambarkan hal-hal yang berkenaan dengan fenomena alam , buatan manusia
dan sosial di lingkungan kita , seperti : mamalia , planet-planet , batu ,
tanaman , negara-negara dan kota, budaya , transportasi , dan sebagainya. Dan report
text bersifat ilmiah karena menyajikan fakta-fakta sebagai hasil penelitian
atau observasi.
Generic Structure
General Classification
berisi pernyataan umum
tentang subject yang dibicarakan atau dibahas.
Description
merupakan bagian yang
memberikan gambaran secara detail mengenai subject yang dibahas pada bagian
general classification.
4. Examples and structures of the text
THE PELICAN REPORT
General Clasification The white pelican is one of the most
successful fish-eating birds.
Description The success is largely due to its command
hunting behaviour. A group, perhaps two dozen birds, will gather in a curved
arc some distance offshore. The birds then begin to move forward towards the
shore, beating the water furiously with their wings, driving the fish before
them.
When the water is
shallow enough for the birds to reach the fish, the formation breaks up as each
bird dips its bill into the water to scoop up its meal. As the bird lifts its
head, the water drains from its bill leaving the fish which are then swallowed.
Pelicans are among the
oldest group of birds, Fossils of this genus have been found dating back 40
million years.
Example of Report Text
Platypus; a report text
Many people call
platypus duckbill because this animal has a bill like duckbill. Platypus is a
native Tasmania and southern and eastern Australia.
Platypus has a flat
tail and webbed feet. Its body length is 30 to 45 cm and covered with a thick,
and woolly layer of fur. Its bill is detecting prey and stirring up mud.
Platypus’ eyes and head are small. It has no ears but has ability to sense
sound and light.
Platypus lives in
streams, rivers, and lakes. Female platypus usually dig burrows in the streams
or river banks. The burrows are blocked with soil to protect it from intruders
and flooding. In the other hand, male platypus does not need any burrow to
stay.
Analyzing on the Text
Generic Structure
analysis
General
classification; stating general classification, the animal of platypus.
Description;
describing in detail characterization of platypus’ body and habitual life
Language Feature
Analysis
Focusing in group; the
animal of platypus
conditional, logical
connective; but, in the other hand
Simple present tense
pattern; Platypus lives in streams, male platypus does not need any burrow, etc
Exercises
Text 1
For many years people
believed that the cleverest animals after man were the chimpanzees. Now,
however, there is a proof that dolphins may be even cleverer than these big
apes.
Although a dolphin
lives in the sea, it is not a fish. It is a mammal. It is in many ways,
therefore, like a human being.
Dolphins have a simple
language. They are able to talk to one another. It may be possible for man to
learn how to talk to dolphins. But, this will not be easy because dolphins
cannot hear the kind of sounds man can make. If man wants to talk to dolphins,
therefore, he will have to make a third language which both he and the dolphins
can understand.
Dolphins are also very
friendly toward man. They often follow ships. There are many stories about
dolphins guiding ships through difficult and dangerous waters.
1. The text above is
in the form of………….
a. spoof
b. report
c. recount
d. procedure
e. narration
2. To tell the factual
information, the writer mostly uses…………
a. passive voice
b. simple past tense
c. present perfect
tense
d. simple present
tense
e. present continuous
tense
3. What kind of animal
is dolphin?
a. insect
b. fish
c. mammal
d. bird
e. shark
4. Why talking to
dolphin is not easy?
a. dolphins cannot
hear the kind of man’s sounds
b. dolphins cannot
think as human
c. dolphins like
playing with man
d. dolphins feel
annoyed by man
e. dolphins want to be
free
5. What is the
characteristic of dolphin according to the text?
a. fierce
b. friendly
c. naughty
d. shy
e. not responsible
Text 2
Whales are sea-living
mammals. They therefore breathe air but cannot survive or land. Some species
are very large indeed and the blue whale, which can exceed 30 meter length, is
the largest animal which lives on earth. Superficially, the whale looks rather
like a fish, but there are important difference in its external structure; its
tail consists of a pair of broad, flat horizontal paddles (the tail of a fish
is vertical) and it has a single nostril on top of its breadth, broad head. The
skin is smooth and shiny and beneath it lies a layer of flat (blubber). This is
up to 30 meter in thickness and serves to conserve heat and body fluids.
6. What is the text
about?
a. sea-living mammals
b. the description of
mammals
c. the difference
between whales and fish
d. whales
e. how whales survive
themselves
7. The length of a
whale is……..
a. is generally more
than 30 meter
b. may be more than 30
meter
c. is less than 30
meter
d. ranges from 30
meter to more than 30 meter
e. is 30 meter at the
most
8. Sentence 1………….
a. tells an
orientation
b. poses a thesis
c. shows an abstract
d. gives a general
classification
e. elaborates an
explanation
9. What type of text
is used by the writer?
a. narrative
b. report
c. recount
d. news items
e. exposition
10. To tell the
factual information, the writer uses…….
a. passive voice
b. direct speech
c. reported speech
d. simple past tense
e. simple present
tense
Kunci Jawaban
1. B
2. D
3. C
4. A
5. B
6. D
7. B
8. D
9. B
10. E
Gold
Gold is a precious
metal. Gold is used as ornaments or as money.
Gold is found in many
places, but in a small supply. It is often found on the surface of the earth.
Since gold is a heavy substance, it is sometimes found loose on the bottom of
rivers. The gold is found together with sand and rocks, and must be separated
from them. It is simple to search for this type of gold.
It is not usually
necessary to drill for gold, but when a layer of gold is located deep below the
surface of the earth, it is possible to drill a hole into the ground. Engineers
have developed modern process for removing gold from rocks.
Since gold is not very
hard, it is sometimes melted and added to other substances for making rings, coins,
and art objects. It will be priced forever because it is beautiful, rare, and
useful.
1. The best title of
the text above is ….. ?
a. Gold b. Type of
Gold c. Previous Metal
d. Rare Ornaments e. Removing Gold from Rocks
2. The following are
associated with gold, EXCEPT …..?
a. useful b. Precious c. Beautiful d. Expensive e. unnecessary
3. The text above is
mainly intended to …. about gold.
a. discuss b. Classify c. Describe
d. Elaborate e. document
4. “It will be priced
forever because….” (Paragraph 4)
The underlined word means ……?
a. valuable b. Worthless c. interesting
d. wonderful e. eye catching
Sea Horse
Many people imagine
the sea-horse to be real horse living in the sea. This is not true at all. The
sea-horse is so called because it is a tiny creature with a horse – liked head
which lives in the sea.
Sea – horse are found
mostly in warm seas. They have a long, flexible tail which is used for wrapping
around weeds for support. They swim I upright position, their movements being
helped by a rapidly oscillating fin on their back. The male sea – horse lays
her eggs in this pouch.
The most remarkable
thing about the sea – horse is that part of the process of reproduction is
taken over by the male creature. One the female sea – horse has laid her eggs
in the male creature’s pouch, she leaves. The hatching of the egg is done by
the male fish.
Mating begins with the
male and the female sea – horses doing courtship dance. The male and female
creatures swim around each other in circles. At the end of the dance, the male
appears to bow to its partner; but in actually, the male is banding to pump
water from his pouch. Next, the female fish lays eggs into the male’s pouch.
About two hundred eggs are laid. The pouch, then close up. The female sea-horse
now swims away, leaving the male sea-horse to do hatching.
The eggs are hatched
about a month later. The young sea-horses are ejected from the male creature’s
pouch by means of muscular contractions.
The sea – horse feeds
on tiny fish the creatures sucking them into its month.
1. What is the purpose
of the text?
a. to inform readers
the sea – horse’s process of reproduction
b. to persuade readers
to breed the sea – horse
c. to explain how to
bread the sea – horse
d. to describe a
particular sea – horse
e. to describe a
particular sea horse
2. What do you think
about the sea horse’s reproduction process.......?
a. Amazing b. Exciting c. Peculiar
d. Strange e. Unique
3. The male sea horse
has a pouch in its abdomen to ….?
a. hatch the eggs
b. feed the baby sea horse
c. eject the young sea horses
d. keep some food for its babies
e. pump water from its abdomen
Forests
Forests are very
important for their products. They are also important to keep the soil fertile
and to prevent flood. The fallen leaves and decayed plants become humus which
makes the soil rich and holds the rainwater.
For many years, people
have not been obeying the government’s regulations. They have been cutting down
the forest trees carelessly. As a result, thousands of hectares of land have
become worse and the rivers will be full of mud. In the wet season there will
be erosion and floods which will destroy the farm lands and villages.
1. What is the main
idea of the second paragraph........?
A. Rivers are full of
mud B. Lands becomes
infertile
C. Floods destroy
villages D. Erosions have
cause floods
E. Deforestation has
caused a lot of destruction
2. The following
statements are the advantages of forests mentioned in the text,
EXCEPT …?.
A. they keep the soil
fertile B. they prevent
flood
C. they produce
humus D. they hold
rainwater
E. they produce fresh
air
3. Humus is made from
…….?
A. fertile soil B. brown leaves C. the root of a tree
D. a kind of
artificial fertilizer
E. decayed plants and leaves
4.”They are also very
important to keep the soil fertile and to prevent flood.” (Paragraph 1).
The underlined word is synonymous to ……?
A. cause B. Move C. Hinder D. Change E. produce
Dolphins
For many years, many
people believed that the cleverest animals after man were the chimpanzees. Now,
however, there is proof that dolphins may be even cleverer than these big apes.
Although a dolphin
lives in the sea it is not a fish. It is a mammal. It is in many ways,
therefore, like a human being.
Dolphins have a simple
language. They are able to talk to one another. It may be possible for man to
learn how to talk to dolphins. But this will not be easy because dolphins
cannot hear the kind of sounds man can make. If man wants to talk to dolphins,
therefore, he will have to make a third language which both he and the dolphins
can understand.
Dolphins are also very
friendly toward man. They often follow ships. There are many stories about
dolphins guiding ships through difficult and dangerous water.
1. The text tells us
about …..?
A. fish B.
Dolphins C. mammals
D. big apes E.
chimpanzees
2. The fourth
paragraph tells us …..?
A. how dolphins help
man B. how genius
the dolphins are
C. how friendly man to
dolphins D. how diligent the
dolphins are
E. how difficult the
problems faced by dolphins
3. Which statement is
TRUE...........?
A. Dolphins are
fish
B. Dolphins are
kind-heated animals
C. Dolphins’ sense of
hearing is very sharp
D. Chimpanzees are the
cleverest animals in the world
E. The big apes are
regarded as the most intelligent animals.
4. The text above is
in the form of …….?
A. spoof B. Report C. Recount D. Procedure E. narration
5. To tell the factual
information, the writer mostly uses ……..?
A. Passive voice B. Simple Past Tense C. Present Perfect Tense
D. Simple Present
Tense E. Present Continuous Tense
Silkwarms
Silkworms live for
only two or three days after laying eggs. About 36.000 to 50.000 eggs are laid,
and these are carefully stored at the silkworm farm until they are ready to
hatch. The eggs hatch into caterpillars, which feed on mulberry leaves. Soon
the caterpillars are ready to spin their cocoons. Not all caterpillars can spin
silk cocoons. Only the caterpillars of a silkworm moth known as ‘Bombyx mori’
can do such spinning.
This caterpillar has
special glands which secrete liquid silk through its lower lip. The liquid
produced later hardens to form fine strands. The caterpillar makes its cocoons
using these strands. The threads on the outside of the cocoons are rough, while
those inside are soft and smooth.
Some fully-spun
cocoons are heated. This kills the pupa inside. The cocoons are then put into
hot water to loosen the fine threads. Finally, these threads are reeled off the
cocoons.
The length of unbroken
thread produced by a single cocoon measures about one-and –a-half kilometers.
Being twisted together several of these threads make single woven materials.
1. What is the purpose
of the text.......?
a. To persuade readers to buy silk b. To put silk into different
categories
c. To entertain readers with knowledge d. To present some points of view about
silk
e. To describe how silk comes into
existence
2. What type of text
is this.........?
a. Recount b. Report c. Discussion d. Explanation e. Description
3. How are the threads
on the outside of the cocoon.......?
a. Fine b. Soft c. Rough d. Strong e. Smooth
4. What are mulberry
leaves for........?
a. Feeding caterpillars b. Spinning cocoons c. Storing threads
d. Hatching eggs e. Laying eggs
Seals
Seals, sea lions and
walruses live both on land and in the sea. When on dry land or on ice, they are
very clumsy in their movements. But in the water they swim gracefully. They all
leave the water for land or ice fields to give birth to their young.
The dolphins and the
sea cows are sea mammals. Dolphins and porpoise look alike but usually the
dolphins are larger. These animals are mainly fish eaters. Experiments show
that dolphins are intelligent and can communicate with each other. They can be
trained to perform various kinds of tricks and acts.
The highly intelligent
killer whale belongs to the dolphin family. Despite of its scary name, it has
never been heard to attack human.
1. The text mainly
tells us about ……..?
A. different
characteristic of sea mammals
B. the difference of
sea mammals community
C. the difference
behavior of sea mammals
D. seals, sea loins,
dolphins, sea cows and killer whales belongs to sea mammals
E. all sea mammals
give birth on land
2. Seals, sea lions
and walruses …….?
A. are fish eaters
B. can perform tricks
C. can communicate
with one another
D. are not fish
E. are swift swimmer
sea mammals
3. Which of the
following statements is untrue........?
A. Dolphins are
usually larger than porpoises
B. Dolphins are
trained to perform various kinds of tricks and acts
C. Sea cows are sea
mammals
D. Walruses lives both
on land and in water
E. Porpoises can
communicate with each other
4. What is the main
idea for paragraph 3........?
A. Killer whale gives
birth on land
B. Killer whale is an
intelligent sea mammal but never attack human
C. Killer whale
belongs to dolphins’ family
D. Killer whale does
not kill
E. Killer whale can
swim faster than dolphin
5. What is the
communicative purpose of the text..........?
A. To entertain the
reader
B. To retell the
reader
C. To inform the sea
mammals
D. To show the sea
mammals
E. To describe the
differences of the sea mammals
6. What type of text
is used by the writer........?
A. Report
B. Recount
C. Narrative
D. News item
E. Descriptive
The white pelican
The white pelican is
one of the most successful fish eating birds.
The success is largely due to its command hunting behaviour. A group, perhaps two dozens birds, will
gather in a curved are some distance offshore, beating the water furiously with
their wings, driving the fish before them.
When the water is
shallow enough for the birds to reach the fish, the formation breaks up as each
bird dip its bill into the water to scoop up its meal. As the bird lifts its head, the water drains
from its bill leaving the fish which are then swallowed.
Pelicans are among the
oldest group of birds. Fossil of this
genus have been founded dating back 40 millions years.
1. How do they hunt for the fish......? They do it …..
a. individually b. one by one c. in a group
d. with other
mammals e. by flying around the
lake
2. Why is white pelican called as the most
successful fish eating bird........?
I think it’s
because…..
a. it’s two dozen
birds gather together b. its command hunting behaviour
c. its curved are d.
it’s beating the water furiously
e. it’s killing many
fish
3. How do they beat the sea water......?
a.
largely b.
Clearly c.
furiously
d. quietly e. calmly
4. What’s the main idea of the text
above......? It’s about …..
a. the death of white pelican
b. the history of white pelican
c. the breeding behaviour of white pelican
d. the hunting behaviour of white pelican
e. the killing behaviour of white pelican
5. How old was the fossil of the Pelican?
a. 20 million years
b. 30 million years
c. 40 million years
d. 50 million years
e. 60 million years
6. ….., beating the water furiously with
their wings, driving the fish before them. (Paragraph 1)
The underlined word
refers to……
a. fish
b. white pelicans
c. birds
d. a group
e. the man
7. When the water is shallow enough for the
birds to reach the fish, ….. (Paragraph 2).
The underlined word
has the similar meaning with…..
a. quite
b. too
c. more
d. much
e. so
8. The text above is belong to ….. genre.
a. report
b. narrative
c. recount
d. procedure
e. news item
References
https://pakpuguh.wordpress.com
http://www.kuliahbahasainggris.com
http://www.caramudahbelajarbahasainggris.net
http://panglia.blogspot.co.id
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1 comments:
jawabannya mana